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A jet mill is a type of ultrafine grinding equipment. It is a machine that uses a lot of energy. Therefore, the feed particle size of the air flow mill should be as fine as possible. It is recommended that the feed particle size be less than 80 mesh. Under normal circumstances, the feed particle size needs to be less than 1 mm.

Jet milling usually makes particles that are 1 to 10 microns in size. This is referred to as micronization.

Some product formulations require particles as small as 200 nanometers. The material's properties determine how small these sizes can be. You can make them smaller by increasing the mill's power. Additionally, by increasing the time the material spends in the milling chamber.

Some products require particles larger than 10 microns. This can be achieved by reducing the power to the mill or increasing the feed rate to the equipment.

In both circular and fluidized bed mills, jets of air or steam are made by gas. The gas is compressed to a gauge pressure of 50 to 120 psig. The most common gas used is commercially compressed air.

Superheated steam (392–980°F) is compressed to 100–220 psig. It can also be used on raw feed materials that are not heat-sensitive. Some of the other gases used include:

• Nitrogen, which can protect materials from oxidation and/or fire

• Argon, another inert option, though more expensive than nitrogen

• Helium, used to achieve higher-velocity impact between particles

A great deal of energy is needed to create enough momentum to cause particles to break on impact. The compressor and nozzles turn high air pressure into energy. They do this within the mill. Large particles recirculate, and multiple high-velocity collisions progressively reduce their mass.