Dolomite is a calcium and magnesium-rich carbonate rock. It is mainly composed of dolomite with small amounts of calcite, clay minerals, flint, and magnesite. Sometimes, it contains gypsum, anhydrite, and barite. It is one of China’s advantageous nichtmetallisches Mineral resources. It has large reserves, high quality, and wide distribution.
Application of Dolomite
Metallurgical Refractory Industry
It is used as a magnesium slag-making agent in steelmaking to combine molten silicon, aluminum, sulfur, phosphorus and other unnecessary or harmful associated elements to form slag that is easy to separate from molten steel. Extraction of magnesium metal; steelmaking refractory materials, etc.
Chemische Industrie
It is used to produce magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, light magnesium carbonate (precipitated magnesium carbonate), magnesia sand, and rubber/plastic fillers.
Construction Industry
It is used to produce magnesium sulfate cement, high-performance chloride-magnesium cement,
overburnt lime silicate bricks, and to treat cracks in gypsum and wooden products.
Agriculture and Forestry
Acidic soil conditioner or neutralizer, epidemic prevention, pesticide, etc.
Glass Industry
In addition to silica sand and soda ash, limestone and dolomite are the third largest components of glass raw materials. They act as flux and can reduce glass aging, improve the plasticity of colored glass, and increase glass strength.
Keramische Industrie
Dolomite is used in ceramic blanks and glazes, and MgO and CaCO3 are introduced to replace talc and calcite.
Environmental Protection
Dolomite filter materials are used in water treatment. They are suitable for neutralizing drinking water, industrial water, and pool water. They also help remove iron, manganese, and silicates.
Smelting magnesium metal
Dolomite with a Partikelgröße of 30–120mm is an important raw material for producing metallic magnesium. Its smelting methods are mainly divided into two types: electrolysis and silicothermic reduction. Currently, the silicothermic reduction method is generally used domestically. Magnesium produced by this method accounts for 20% of the total magnesium output.
The Pidgeon Process for magnesium metal smelting
Preparation of Magnesium Carbonate
Light Magnesium Carbonate
Light magnesium carbonate is a premium inorganic filler, reinforcing agent, and effective flame retardant in the rubber and plastics industry. It is used as a filler in high-end inks, pigments, toothpaste, and cosmetics. It also serves as a raw material for high-grade ceramics, glass, and fireproof coatings.
There are three main production methods due to the use of different raw materials: dolomite carbonation, brine carbonation, and ammonium sulfate conversion. Currently, the dolomite carbonation method is widely used in China for producing light magnesium carbonate.
Light Spherical Magnesium Carbonate
Light spherical magnesium carbonate has excellent filling, dispersibility, and flowability.
It enhances the tensile strength and wear resistance of rubber, making it an excellent filler and reinforcing agent for rubber and plastic products. It is also used as a filler in industries such as paint coatings, toothpaste, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Light Transparent Magnesium Carbonate
Light transparent magnesium carbonate is characterized by fine particles with uniform particle size. It is a refined inorganic chemisch product. In addition to being used as an additive in paints, coatings, inks, toothpaste, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, it is mainly used as a filler and reinforcing agent in transparent or light-colored rubber products.
Preparation of Light Magnesium Oxide
Light magnesium oxide can be used as a filler and reinforcing agent in paper, coatings, plastics, and rubber. It is a raw material for high-end heat-resistant crucibles and ceramics. It is also used as a polishing agent, plasticizer for fiberglass, surface Beschichtung for silicon steel sheets, and as an antacid and mild laxative in pharmaceuticals.
Abschluss
In conclusion, dolomite is a versatile and valuable mineral with a wide range of applications across various industries. From steelmaking and water treatment to the production of high-quality magnesium products and advanced ceramics, its unique properties make it indispensable. As both a natural resource and an industrial material, dolomite continues to play a crucial role in the development of many sectors, supporting the ongoing innovation and sustainability of modern industries. Understanding its composition, processing methods, and uses is essential for leveraging its full potential in today’s market.
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